Lens Types
1. Fixed focal or Prime, has a fixed focal length, for example Fujinon 35mm F/3.5 35 mm focal length. Prime lens is less flexible, but the quality is higher than the zoom lens at the same price.
2. Zoom / Vario, has a focal length that can be modified, eg, Canon EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 has a focal length that can be changed from 18 mm to 55 mm. Flexible because fokalnya an adjustable length.
b. based on the focal length
1. Wide, lens with wide FOV, focal length 35 mm or less. Usually used to photograph landscapes and buildings.
2. Normal, about 50 mm focal length. Lens is versatile, fast and cheap.
3. Telephoto, the lens with a narrow FOV, focal length 70mm or more. To take pictures from a distance.
c. based on its maximum aperture. 1. Quick, have a wide maximum aperture. 2. Slow, has a narrow maximum aperture.
d. Special lenses 1. Macro lens, used to take pictures at close range 2. Tilt and Shift lens, can be bent. Terms lens wide / tele (based on focal length) above apply to 35mm film cameras. Nikkor 50 mm lens becomes a normal lens on a 35mm film camera, but a telephoto lens when used on Nikon D70 digital camera. In Nikon D70 Nikkor 50 mm FOV FOV equivalent to 75 mm lens on a 35mm film camera.
Other auxiliary equipment Tripod, is required for shooting with slow speed. At slow speeds, avoiding camera shake when held by hand (handheld). In general, the minimum speed is 1/focal handhel. Bring a tripod when hunting can be a hassle. For the purposes of hunting is usually carried tripod is light and small tripod. Monopod, like a tripod, one leg. More portability. Just to eliminate any vertical oscillation. Flash / flash / flash, to menerangai object in dark conditions.
Filter, to filter the incoming light. There are many kinds. - UV, UV light filter to prevent Hazy on foto2 landscape, often used to protect the lens from dust. - PL / CPL (polarizer / Circular Polarizar) to reduce shadows on non-metallic surfaces. It could also increase the contrast for the sky. Exposure, the amount of light entering the camera, depending on the aperture and speed.
- Aperture / diaphragm. The larger the aperture the more light coming. Aperture expressed with numerical values are as follows: f / 1.4 f / 2 f / 3.5 f/5.6 f / 8. the greater number (f number), the smaller the aperture aperture.
- Shutter speed / shutter speed. The sooner, the less light coming.
- ISO, stated sensitivity of the sensor / film. The higher the ISO, the amount of light needed less and less. ISO 100 film requires 2 times the amount of light ISO 200 film. Example: f/5.6 aperture combination Kec. 1 / 500 at ISO 100 equivalent aperture f / 8 District 1 / 500 or f/5.6 Kec. 1 / 1000 at ISO 200. Exposure meter, light meter. Almost every modern camera has an internal light meter. It is also available external light meter.
